Alternating-current-motor reverser.



PATBNTED JAN. 2, 1906.

E. H. PORTER & B. CURRIER.

ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTORI REVERSER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.29. 1905.

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. HVVE/VTORS Edwin [Z .Poner @ad Bureg Carre?" No. 808,944. PATENTED JAN. 2, 1906.

E. H. PORTER & B. CURRIER.

ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTOR REVERSER.

APPLICATION FILED MAB.29. 1905.

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UNITED y STATES H. PORTER AND PATENT, OFFICE.

BURLEIGH CURRIER, OF PHILADELPHIA,

PENNSYLVANIA.

^ .To aZZ whom itl'may concern.'

Be it' known that we, EDWIN H. PORTER and BURLEIGH Curtains, citizens of the Y`United States, lresiding at Philadelphia, in

. Motor Vthe county of Philadelphia and' State of Penn- Sylvania, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Alternating-Currentspecification.

Our invention relates to alternating-current motors of commercial types, and particularly to means for reversing their direc-` tion of rotation.

The'object of our invention is to provide a simple, non-sparking,'quick-acting means of reversing alternating-current motors and one that reverses the motor instantly when ap- `rent motor can be reversed in rotation by reversing the relative direction of the current in any one of its independent energizing-circuits. In an induction-motor reversing any one of its separate phased circuits relative toA its mates or in a series motor of the armature type reversing the armature or eld circuit gives a reversal in direction of its rotation. We have endeavored toproduce this reversal of the energizmg-circuits in a positive, quickacting, simple manner free from any sparking contacts.

Our invention contemplates using motors of the standard types in commercial-practice, with the circuits connected and the power supplied as in commercial practice, except in the circuit that is to be reversed. In this circuit we supply two alternating electrometive forces or currents of opposing phase relation in series whose algebraic sum is zero. Then by weakening either one of the electromotive forces or short-circuiting it entirely leaves the other electromotivefo'rcein part specincatio of Lett-.ers Patent.

Application led March 29, 1905. Bei-ill No. 252,616.

eversers, of which the following is a Patented Jan. a, 1906.

or fullyl supplying current in the desired direction.

Throughout the speciiication the term elptromotive force is abbreviated as E.

Throughout the drawings like parts or elements have the same letter.

Referring to the drawings, in which we represent our invention as applied to single, two, and three phase motors, making no distinction in the type of motor, Figure I is a diagrammatic view showing an induction-motor with reversing-transformers, short-circuiting contacts, and regulating-solenoid with core, in conjunction with an alternating-current source of energy. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing an induction-motor with reversingtransformers in connection with an inductionregulator and a source ci alternating-current energy. `Fig. 3 is a similar view showing an induction-motor in connection with a combination of the reversing-transformers and the induction-regulator in one, together with the source of alternating-current energy. Fi g. i is a similar view showing a commutator type of motor in4 connection with reversing-transformers, shortrcircuiting contacts, regulating-solenoid, and. asource of alternating-current energy.

in the drawings, A is a source of alternating-current energy, which may be' anysuitable source available. M is a motor adapted to be operated by the energy supplied by the said source.

C, C', and C2 Yare separate energizing-circuits oi the motor and extending to the gen-- erator or source A..

T, T', T2, T3, T, and T5 are transformers having primary coils P, P', P2, P3, P, and P5 and secondary coils S, S', S2, S3, S4, and S5.

' R is a solenoid shown connected across the circuit C', so as tohave its core K responsive to variations' of the current in the solenoid R.

ContactsX, X', and X2 are connected to the As shown, the energizing-circuit() is sup-- IOO plied direct from its normal source of energy, as in standard practice. Circuit C2 is Sunilarly supplied. The energizing-circuit C 1s shown as supplied from its normal source of 5 energy, but 1n series with or through reversing-transformersT, T', T2, T5, T4, and T5 1n such a manner that two opposing and approximately equal E. M. F.s are in serles 1n the circuit C. It is evident that if either of lo the opposing E. M. F.s are weakened or short-clrcuited entirely and the other either remains the sar'neor is correspondingly increased, as shown, a resultant E. M. F. will be applied to the circuit C' in either direction, as desired.

In Figs. 1 and 4 are shown Ithereversingtransformers T and T', also T4L and T5, having the secondary coils S and S in series, also S'1 and S5 in series, and by airs in series with the energizing-circuit C' o the motor M. The.I primaries of thetransformers T and T are in series, also the rimaries of transformers T'4x and T5, and eacli primary i's wound to oper` ate on the full E. M. F. of its source A. The seconda'r S is shown connected at its terminalsto t e contacts X and X'; also, the secondary S' is connected to contacts X' and X2. Similarly, the secondaries S4L and S5 are shown as connected, respectively, to their contacts X X' and X X2. It is evident that if in Fig. 1 contacts X and "X' are brought together they short-circuit secondary S, neutralizing the impedance of primary P, applying vthe full F. M. F. to primary I2', and thusto secondary S and to energizing-circuit C in a given direction, or if contacts X and X' are separated and contacts X' and X2 are brought together they short-circuit secondary S', neu-k tralizing the impedance of primary P', leav- 40 ing the full E. M. F; ap lied to primary P,

thus to secondary S` an the ener izing-circuit C' in the reverse relation. T e movements of the contacts X, X', and X2 are controlled by the solenoid-R. The mode of o eration in Fig. 4-is the same; In Fi 2 t eV \-,coils R' and R2 of the induction-regu ator I, which are connected in series and supplied from the source of energy A, together with the circuit C', each have their relative drop of potentialvaried by the osition of the iron core K'. The potential rop over each coil is supplied through the transformers T2 and T3 in series to the energizing-circuit C', so that one E. M. F. opposes the other. It is evident as the balancing of the E. M. F.s is varied their resultant as-applied tocircuit C' is varied in direction and, as above described, the relative direction of the current in the energizing-circuit C' is varied.

The method of operation-of our motor-reverser is as follows: As shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, it is arranged as responsive to variations of potential as applied, as it would be used in operating an inductive regulator or 46 5 similardevice to maintain a constant poten- IM. F. in opposing directions an S, Fig. 1, or S4, Fig. 4, allowing the full E. M.

tial on afeeder. Alternating current'issup- It is evident oth transformers sup lyin an E. dp equa to its mate their resultant would be zero and no current would flow in the motor-circuit supplied by them. As shown, if the potential (applied to solenoid R, `Figs. 1 and 4, is increased the core K is drawn in, contacts X and X' are closed, short-circuiting secondary 8o F. of secondaryS, Fig. 1or S5, Fig. 4, to be applied to the motor-circuit. If the potent1a asl applied to solenoid R is decreased, the solenoid R lowers its core K, closin contacts X and X2, short-circuiting coi s S', Fig. 1, or S5, Fig. 4, leaving coils S, Fig. `1, or S,` Fig. 4, feeding the motor-circuit in the reverse direction. It is evident thatshortcircuitingthe secondary coil ineither case not only removes its opposing E. M, F., but also cuts out the impedance of its corresponding primary coil, leaving the whole applied primary E. M. F, applied to one primary coil, so giving double the applied E. M. F. to the primary, and therefore double E. M. F. to the secondary, over what was supplied by each secondary coil when they were in opposition.r The same method of operation applies to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, with the difference that an increase in potential as applied to coils R' and R2, Fig. 2, or on coils PR in Fig. 3, raises the core K', Fig. 2, or K2, Fig. 3, which by induction increases the lopposing E. M. F. in coil R', Fig. 2, or coil SR', Fig.,3, and weakens the E. M. F. incoils R2, Fig. 2, or SR2, Fig. 3. A decrease of potential aplied to the coils R' and R2, Fig. 2, or coil PR,

ig. 3, has the reverse influence on the two opposing E. M. Ffa/increasing one and decreasing thelother. In all four cases the un- I IO balancing of the applied E. M. F/s'opposin eachother gives a resultant E. M. F. applie to. the motor-circuit, and therefore a resultant current flowing in the motor-circuit in a controlled direction.

.In Fig. 3 the coil PR of the induction-regulator I 1s energized from source A. Raising or lowering the core K2 varies itsinductive relation to the secondary coils SR' and SR2. Therefore their E. M. F., which is applied in 12o series opposing each other, as in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, varies the direction of the current in the energizing-circuit C'.

It is evident, as shown in our former ap lic-ations, Serial Nos. 227,520 and 227,521,t at 125 the reversal of the current in the above manner is accomplished without spark, for, as in Figs. 1 and 4, when the short circuit is made on one secondary coil there 1s no` spark and when the short clrcult 1s removed there 1s no 13o kresponsive solenoid and a constant-potential motor either the solenoid Vor motor, or both, can as readily be Wound for a series-current application of energy, which we would not consideras differing from our invention.

It is evident that While in the inductionmotor shown, where for simplicity wev have shown the variable voltage as a plied to only one hase, the same means o varying the resu tant voltage can be applied to. as many of the different phases as desired.

Havin thus described our invention, we claim an desire to secure byLetters Patent- 1. The combination of a source of alternating-current energy, a motor connected with and adapted to operate from said sourceof energy having a lurality of energizing-circuits, part of whic energizing-circuits is supplied with two opposing alternating electromotive forces in series and means for automatically-varying one or both the opposing electromotive forces so that their sum is greater or less than zero, as desired, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a source of alternating-current energy, a motor connected with and adapted to operate from said source of energy having a lurality of energizing-circuits, part of whic energizing-circuits is suplied with two equal opposing electromotive orces in series and means for automatically varying one or both the opposing electromotive forces so thattheir sum is either greater or less than zero, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a source of alternating-current energy, a motor connected with and adapted .to operate from said source of energy7 aving a lurality of energizing-circuits, part of whic energizing-'circuits is supplied with an alternating electromotive force that is a variable resultant of two alternating opposing equal electromotive forces in series, one or both of which are automaticallyvaried to produce the said resultant alternatmgelectromotive force and means for varying the opposing electromotive forces, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a source of alternating-current energy, a motor connected with and adapted t-o operate from said source of energy, having a plurality of independent energizing-circults, (part of which energizingcircuits is supplie with an alternating electromotive force that is a variable resultant of two opposing alternating electromotive forces in series, one of which is automatically shortcircuited to produce the desired resultant electromotiveforce and means for short-circuiting either of said op osing electromotive forces, substantially as escribed.

1 5. The combination of a source of alternating-current energy, a motor connected with and adapted to operate from said source of alternating-current energy, having a plural- 1ty of independent energizing-circuits, said energizing-circuits each supplied with an alternating electromotive force that is a variable resultant of two alternating opposing equal electromotive forces in series, one or both of which are automatically varied to roduce the desired resultant electromotive orce and means ofvarying said opposing electromotive forces, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a source of alternating-current energy, a motor connected with and adapted to o erate from said source of energy, having a p urality of independent energizing-circuits, each of which is supplied with an alternating electromotive force that is a variable resultant of two alternating opposing electromotive forces inseries, one of which is short-circuited to produce the de` sired resultant electromotive force and means for short-circuiting either of said opposing electromotive forces, substantially as described.

.7. The combination of a multiphase source of alternating-current ener y, a multiphase motor, having a plurality o independent energizin -circuits energized by said source, pairs o transformers havingtheir secondaries opposed and in series with each independentopposed in series and connected to one of said energizing-circuits, their primaries also in series and connectedto said source of energy and means for short-circuiting the secondary of either transformer.

9. The combination of a multiphase source of alternating-current energy, a multiphase motor having a plurality of energizing-circuits energized by said source, part of said energizing-circuits supplied with alternating electromotive forces each of which is a variable resultant of two opposing alternating electromotive forces in series, one or both of which are automatically varied to produce said resultant, and means for automatically varying either or both of said opposing electromotive forces, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

-EDWIN H. PORTER. BURLEIGH CURRIER. Witnesses:

WM. A. ALLIsoN, WM. R. STAcKHoUsE.

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